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1 February 2026
6 min read

# Digital Signatures in Islamic Estate Planning: How E-Sign Works

Wasiyat supports AES-256 encrypted digital signatures for testators, executors, and witnesses.

## The Challenge of Signing in a Digital Age

Traditional Islamic wills require the testator's signature and the attestation of two witnesses. In Indian law, the Registration Act, 1908 and the Indian Evidence Act, 1872 govern the evidentiary weight of signed documents. When families are distributed across cities and states — which is increasingly common — gathering physical signatures becomes a logistical challenge that delays estate planning by months or years.

## How Wasiyat's Digital Signatures Work

Every signature in Wasiyat follows a three-step process: (1) Identity verification through authenticated session, (2) Signature capture through a dedicated signing portal, and (3) Cryptographic sealing with AES-256-GCM encryption. Each signature is timestamped and hash-verified, creating an immutable record that cannot be altered after signing. The signature data is stored separately from the document content, with envelope encryption per user.

## Witness Attestation Portal

Witnesses receive a secure, time-limited link to a dedicated attestation portal. They can view the will, confirm the testator's identity, and provide their attestation digitally. The portal records the witness's IP address, timestamp, and browser fingerprint as additional verification metadata. This process satisfies both Islamic requirements (two adult Muslim witnesses of sound mind) and Indian legal standards for witness attestation.

## Legal Standing in India

The Information Technology Act, 2000 and the Indian Evidence Act (Section 65B) recognize electronic records and digital signatures as legally valid evidence. While a registered physical will carries the highest evidentiary weight, a digitally signed will with proper attestation records provides substantial legal protection — particularly when supplemented by the DIN verification system and SHA-256 hash integrity.

## Shariah Compliance Considerations

From a Shariah perspective, the requirement for witnesses is about ensuring the testator's intent is documented and verified by trustworthy individuals. Digital attestation preserves this intent while adding cryptographic proof that physical signatures cannot provide. The key principle is that the medium of documentation (digital vs. paper) does not change the substance of the will — the Faraid shares, bequest allocations, and executor appointments remain identical regardless of signing method.

Disclaimer: This article is for educational purposes only and does not constitute legal or religious advice. For guidance specific to your situation, consult a qualified Islamic scholar or attorney.

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